Job Satisfaction And Dissatisfaction Of Female Faculty

The purpose of this quantitative study is to determine whether or not a relationship exists between faculty member demographic characteristics and their level of job satisfaction. The research will identify factors which contribute to job satisfaction/dissatisfaction of female faculty. The research will determine if a relationship exists between institutional characteristics and the level of job satisfaction among female faculty. Ultimately, the research will suggest strategies and approaches by which issues of job satisfaction among female faculty in research and doctoral institutions of higher education can be addressed. This study is significant in that the results will provide empirical support for scholars, institutional researchers and planners, and higher education administrators who construct institutional/departmental policies regarding the professional development and retention of female faculty. The following review of the literature will begin by unpacking existing and nascent theoretical approaches used by scholars studying gender in organizational contexts. This review will also critically examine existing literature dealing with women in the academy and job satisfaction/dissatisfaction. Finally, this review will highlight any substantive research gaps in the area of female faculty and job satisfaction. A History of Gendered Organization Theory That women have historically been inhibited by dominant ideologies, blatant misogyny, and structural barriersShow MoreRelatedThe Connection Between Personal And Institutional Factors And Female Faculty Satisfaction Essay2158 Words   |  9 Pagesof existing literature on the Connection Between Personal and Institutional Factors and Female Faculty Satisfaction. The main sections included are: theoretical framework, a review of related studies with a view of exposing research gaps and the conceptual framework. 2.2. Theoretical Literature 2.2.1 Motivator-Hygiene Theory Herzberg’s motivator-hygiene theory suggests that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are not two opposite ends of the same continuum, but instead are two separate and, at timesRead MoreJob Satisfaction And Organizational Commitment1669 Words   |  7 PagesABSTRACT Job satisfaction and organizational commitment can be for different for everyone and any institutions. It appears to be one of the most complex areas people facing today. Many organizational behavior researchers believe that in many job facets can have a huge influence on satisfaction, dissatisfaction, and commitment. A self-administered survey that included both structured and open-ended questions was more convenient to administer and compare the level of satisfaction among primary careRead MoreA Study on Job Satisfaction of Faculty Members1622 Words   |  7 PagesA STUDY ON JOB SATISFACTION OF FACULTY MEMBERS IN EDUCATION SECTOR K.R.Sowmya1, Dr.N.Panchanatham2 Abstract Job satisfaction is in regard to ones feelings or state-of-mind regarding the nature of their work. Job satisfaction can be influenced by a variety of factors, eg, the quality of ones relationship with their supervisor, the quality of the physical environment in which they work, degree of fulfillment in their work, etc. Education sector is the most dynamic and developing sector.TheRead MoreDo Unions Provide A Benefit For Academic Libraries?900 Words   |  4 Pagessystematic empirical analysis of the effect of union membership on job satisfaction and wages. It documents the fact that unionism has a strong negative effect on job satisfaction. Among the various hypotheses tested by this research are: that a union â€Å"voice† effect (giving workers an opportunity to express dissatisfaction with aspects of their jobs) may make workers more aware of what is wrong with the employer; and that unionized jobs are inherently unpleasant, making higher union wages a compensatingRead MoreThe Barriers Of Professionalism : A Discussion Of The Contributing Factors1743 Words   |  7 Pagesand power. Nursing needs to look beyond this obstacle and adjust the educational credentialing requirements to be treated with equality (Kidder, M., Cornelius, 2006). A decrease in qualified faculty is significant when nurses do not proceed to a more advanced level. The shortages of nursing faculties therefore trigger additional barriers that can hinder the profession by producing a decreased acceptance of students entering the nursing field. The International Council of Nurses (ICN), which isRead MoreAn Investigation into Related Job Stress and Job Satisfaction1050 Words   |  5 Pagesrelation between job satisfaction and job stress among teachers. According to French Caplan (1972) job stress is as a result of a misfit between an individual and their environment. Research topic: â€Å"An investigation into related job stress and job satisfaction† Job Stress Among Teachers Related job stress and job satisfaction have been a topic researched by several scholars and now by me. The issue of stress in the teaching profession as caused a serious concern for both faculty and administratorsRead MoreJob Motivation And Salary Satisfaction1033 Words   |  5 Pagessalary, they are likely subject to mental agreements (Lee Lin, 2014). Job motivation and salary satisfaction are feelings that can inspire employees and drive forces in competitive returns for organizations (Lee Lin, 2014). Mental agreement signifies the expectation of the staff towards the organization and the expectation of the organization towards the staff (Schein, 1980). Over a third of childcare staff leaves their jobs annually in order to earn a better living (Whitebook, 1999). Igalens andRead MoreUnderstanding The Core Self Evaluation Scale1646 Words   |  7 Pagesmanagement style of participants was measured by using the Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory II ([ROCI–II]; Rahim, 1983). Respondents used a five-point Likert-type scale. Finally, job stress and job satisfaction were measured through the 6-item Perceived Stress Scale and a 4-item global measure of work satisfaction. The Perceived Stress Scale reported Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.83 (Tidd Friedman, 2010) to 0.90 (Friedman, 2000). The antecedents of intragroup conflict were identifiedRead MoreThe Effect of Age and Marital Status on Job Satisfaction2227 Words   |  9 PagesTHE EFFECT OF AGE AND MARITAL STATUS ON THE JOB SATISFACTION OF UNIVERSITY TEACHERS [pic] Submitted By: Solomon Fernando Gomez Muhammad Imran Malik Ph.D. Scholar. Submitted To: Dr. Nadeem Safwan Foundation University Institute of Management and Computer Sciences Rawalpindi. The Effect of Age and Marital Status on the Job Satisfaction of University Teachers Abstract This study has been conducted with a view to see the level of job satisfaction among the married and unmarried, university teachersRead MoreGender And Gender Leadership Gap1798 Words   |  8 Pagesthat female leaders are needed who are familiar with navigating growth and diversity with a focus upon diminishing gender discrimination and bias. Moreover, DeFrank-Cole et al. (2014) acknowledged that mentoring and leadership development programs geared toward women are needed; yet, difficulties in locating a mentor persist (Haley Jaeger, 2015), within what is recognized as a male dominated culture. Contrastingly, within a recent gender neutrality study, a significant disparity in female viewpoints

Integrity, Confidentiality and Professional Behavior of Internal Auditors Free Essays

Integrity According to The Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA), â€Å"The integrity of internal auditors established trust and thus provides the basis for reliance on their judgement†. IIA further added that to be integrity, internal auditors: * Shall perform their work with honestly, diligence, and responsibility. * Shall observe the law and make disclosures expected by the law and the profession. We will write a custom essay sample on Integrity, Confidentiality and Professional Behavior of Internal Auditors or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Shall not knowingly be a party to any illegal activity, or engage in acts that are discreditable to the profession * Shall respect and contribute to the legitimate and ethical objectives of the organization. According to the 2009 Global Integrity Survey conducted by Compliance Week and Integrity Interactive, polled more than 150 ethics and compliance executives at global companies worldwide. The survey shown that nearly two-third (64 percent) of respondents use risk assessment specifically to review their integrity risks and to modify their programs as necessary. It also shown that 57 percent said their internal auditors have periodically audit their integrity programs and functions. Besides that, the survey shown that nearly 80 percent of respondents commented they use the internal audit function to some extent. Melissa Klein Aguilar (2009) further added that internal audit departments play an important role in ensuring the effectiveness of the company’s integrity function. IIA do also issue a guidance says that internal auditors should â€Å"evaluate the design, implementation, and effectiveness of the organization’s ethics-related objectives, programs, and activities. Confidentiality According to Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA), confidentiality is one of the four principles that internal auditors are expected to apply and uphold. IIA further explain that under confidentiality’s principle, internal auditors respect the value and ownership of information they receive and do not disclose information without appropriate authority unless there is a legal or professional obligation to do so. IIA had also outlined the rules of conduct for confidentiality, in which internal auditors: * Shall be prudent in the use and protection of information acquired in the course of their duties. * Shall not use information for any personal gain or in any manner that would be contrary to the law or detrimental to the legitimate and ethical objectives of the organization. Office of Internal Audit of Wayne State University further elaborates the rules of conduct that internal auditors are expected to follow in compliance with confidentiality’s principle. It stated that internal auditors shall: * Not participate in any activity or relationship that may impair or be presumed to impair their unbiased assessment. This participation includes those activities or relationships that may be in conflict with the interest of the organization. * Not accept anything that may impair or be presumed to impair their professional judgment. * Disclose all material facts known to them that, if not disclosed, may distort the reporting of activities under review. Be prudent in the use and protection of information acquired in the course of their duties. * Not use information for any personal gain or in any manner that would be contrary to the law or detrimental to the legitimate and ethical objectives of the organization. According to Chartered Institute of Internal Auditors, this principle is pertinent to internal auditors as they have access to a wide range of information and the employing organization needs to be assured that accessed information will be treated confidentially. Internal auditors also gather information through interviews, and interviewees need to feel assured that the information provided will be treated appropriately. Numerous corporate fraud cases happen in recent century such as Enron and WorldCom have triggered not only extensive academic whistleblowing studies, but also have caused legal ramifications that have led to the passage of Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002 (Eaton Akers, 2007; Lacavo Ripley, 2003). Before this, there are limited studies that have used internal auditors as subjects. This could be because to the argument that the reporting make by internal auditors on corporate wrongdoings is not an act of whistleblowing, but is the role on internal auditor within the ambit of their profession (Jubb, 2000). Xu and Ziegenfuss counter-argue that what Cynthia Cooper (an internal auditor) did in the WorldCom was considered as whistleblowing, this shown that public may perceive that the internal auditor as a whistleblower. Another possibility is because of misperception that whistleblowing only relates to reporting parties outside of the organization (Keenan Krueger, 1992). According to Eaton Akers, 2007; Figg, 2000; Keenan Krueger, 1992; Near Miceli, 2008, whistleblowing can in fact occur internally or externally. Near and Miceli (1995) argue that internal auditors have higher credibility and power as whistleblower than other organizational members as they are more likely to influence management to terminate wrongdoing. According to The Global Economic Crime Survey conducted by PricewaterhouseCooper (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2009), internal auditing profession is indeed an important role in organizations as most frauds were detected by internal audit. It was supported by Miceli et al. (2008) states compared to other professions, the highest reported observation of wrongdoing was reported by internal auditors. Because of the nature of their works, internal auditors have directly or indirectly seen or confronted many opportunities for corporate wrongdoing and unethical acts to occurs, and the responsibility of disclosure of any wrongdoing is embedded in their job description (Near Miceli, 1985). Another issue is on whether or not internal auditors should whistleblow when they discover organizational wrongdoings. Internal auditors always face situations that involve conflict of interest while executing their dual-role duties (Armold Ponemon, 1991; E. Z. Taylor Curtis, 2010). The dual-role duties mentioned here are the role of internal auditors as employed by the organization, which subject to the needs and requirements of their employment, and the role as members of a professional body, they are required to adhere to the profession’s ethical requirements. Ahmad and Taylor support the view and assert that the role of internal auditors in providing auditing tasks for their organizational may cause ongoing conflicts. Zhang, Chiu and Wei (2009) argue that the â€Å"disclosing insider information to outsider’s breaches obligation to the organization, violates the written or unspoken contract, and elicits damaging publicity†. However, ethically, internal whistleblowing, as opposed to external whistleblowing, is preferred. This is due to severe damage caused by external whistleblowing as compared to internal whistleblowing (Park Blenkinsopp, 2009). In order to avoid the severe damages caused by whistleblowing, Vinten (1996) has suggested that an organization may minimize the risk by internalizing the whistleblowing procedure as part of the corporate communications. By having a proper whistleblowing procedure, organizations stand to benefit from actions of whistleblowers that may cause further substantial adverse consequences such as loss of sales, costly lawsuits and negative publicity. Professional Behaviour The general public demand professional accountants maintain a high ethical standard in order to maintain public confidence in the accountancy profession (Gordon Kiernander, 2009). The ethical principles that guide the work of auditors are listed as follows: * Integrity * Objectivity * Professional Competence and Due Care * Confidentiality * Professional Behavior (Farid Kerimov, 2011) Then, the professional behavior has been defined as high expectations for the auditing profession include compliance with laws and regulations and avoidance of any conduct that might bring discredit to auditors’ work, including actions that would cause an objective third party with knowledge of the relevant information to conclude that the auditors’ work was professionally deficient. Professional behavior includes auditors’ putting forth an honest effort in performance of their duties and professional services in accordance with the relevant technical and professional standards (Government Auditing Standards, 2010). The main objective of an auditor is to purvey services at the highest standards of performance to satisfy public interest (Michael C. Knapp, 2009). However, frequently, users don’t have the needful ability to appreciate if the services offered by the auditor are or are not in accordance qualitatively with their requests, reason of which they are forced to accept till the contrary test that the auditors act in a competent and professional way. The guarantee of integrity and professional competency of an auditor can be assured by the adhesion of them at an ethical code of the profession to which they belong (R. A. Kishore Nadkarni, 2000). If internal auditors or the internal audit activity is prohibited by law or regulation from conformance with certain parts of the Standards, conformance with all other parts of the Standards and appropriate disclosures are needed. Then, IIA’s International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing (Standards) is essential in meeting the responsibilities of internal auditors and the internal audit activity (The Institute of Internal Auditors, 2010). According to IIA’s International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing (Standards) Internal auditing is conducted in diverse legal and cultural environments; within organizations that vary in purpose, size, complexity, and structure; and by persons within or outside the organization. While differences may affect the practice of internal auditing in each environment, conformance with The IIA’s International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing (Standards) is essential in meeting the responsibilities of internal auditors and the internal audit activity (The Institute of Internal Auditors, 2010). Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing differentiate among the varied responsibilities of the entity, the internal audit department, the director of internal auditing, and internal auditors. The responsibilities as a consultant or internal auditor are listed as follows: I. Internal auditors should be independent of the activities they audit. II. Internal audits should be performed with proficiency and due professional care. III. The scope of internal auditing should encompass the examination and evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the organization’s system of internal control and the quality of performance in carrying out assigned responsibilities. IV. Audit work should include planning the audit, examining and evaluating information, communication results, and follow up. V. The Director of Internal Auditing Should Properly Manage the Internal Audit Department. (IIA Standards, 2010) The Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998 (the Act) amended the Employment Rights Act 1996 and created a right to redress, enforceable by tribunal, in the event of unfair discrimination or dismissal by one’s employer as a result of â€Å"whistleblowing† – making a disclosure in the public interest. The Act sets conditions as to the subject matter of the disclosure, the motivation and beliefs of the worker, and the person(s) to whom the disclosure is made (Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998). According to Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998, the purposes of the act are: I. It aims to help prevent such disasters and corporate malpractice in general by encouraging workers with relevant information to come forward responsibly. II. The Act seeks to achieve this by offering a right to redress in the event of victimization if workers raise their concerns in the ways specified in the legislation. III. It is also hoped that the Act will promote a change in culture amongst employers, and encourage them to establish procedures to receive disclosures in good faith and act on them appropriately. The scope of the Act includes disclosures which, in the reasonable belief of the worker, show one or more of the following, taking place either in the past, the present, or likely to take place in the future: * A crime; Breach of a legal obligation (regulatory, administrative, contract law or common law); * Miscarriage of justice; (for which the appropriate prescribed person in England and Wales is the Chief Executive of the Criminal Cases Review Commission); * Danger to health and safety; (for which the appropriate prescribed person is the Health and Safety Executive, or the relevant local authority); * Damage to the environme nt; (for which the appropriate prescribed person in England and Wales is the Environment Agency); or * Attempts to cover up such malpractice. Apart from that, whistleblowers making an external disclosure to a prescribed person, instead of to their employer or via internal procedures, will be entitled to redress under the Act in the event that they suffer unfair discrimination or dismissal provided they: * make the disclosure in good faith; * reasonably believe that the information, and any allegation it contains, are substantially true; and * reasonably believe that the matter falls within the description of matters for which the person is prescribed. How to cite Integrity, Confidentiality and Professional Behavior of Internal Auditors, Essay examples

Drawing to Painting Essay Example For Students

Drawing to Painting Essay This allowed the artists to put together basic ideas and to focus on the details of the work. Also in this creative process the artist was known to use live models and the models were generally male even if the figure the artist was drawing was to be female. Perhaps one medium Raphael used was silvering on prepared pink paper that allowed the artist to portray a delicate tonal effect. The artist may have also used red chalk as a medium which was used to mimic the soft tones of flesh. Raphael then put the results of looking at the figures of the live models into a summary design of the composition and this helped him put together the lighting effects and setting for the figural arrangements. Two examples of this are Repeals work of Madonna and Child With the Infant Saint John the Baptist is a study Of the figures pyramidal grouping. Another step Raphael may have used is drawing cartoons, which were full-scale drawings. These drawings were necessary if the artist chose to paint frescoes which were done on moist plaster. Fresco is a difficult medium that forces the artist to quickly paint a small piece of plaster each day as the moist plaster and water-based colors dry quickly. When commissioning paintings or sculptures is was common practice for the artists to include a drawing or ranging to help explain the design and its details that was expected and were agreed upon by both parties. Drawings were also used as demonstration pieces for approval from patrons and for use in workshops, and these were basically complete in respect to the iconography. These types to drawings were used tort sculpting projects and illustrated the framework of the monument (Renaissance Drawings: Material And Function, 2013). When painting the Alba Madonna Raphael used oil on wood which he then transferred to canvas. The artist used oil paints for his paintings and sometimes wet plaster (for frescoes) along with the IL paint. As mentioned above, when doing frescoes the artist had to work small areas of the painting and work quickly before the plaster and paint dried quickly. Hint the artist drew before painting because he wanted to make sure the elements of the painting were correct. Also, perhaps if it was a commissioned piece or art work then he could show his ideas to the prospective client and give them idea of vat he had in mind to do. In Repeals painting of Alba Madonna think he is expressing divinity through the ideal beauty Of the figures Of Mary, Jesus and John. Perhaps through the movement that he shows through the way the Christ child seems to be accepting the cross and the way Mary is looking into the future that he is showing the things to come. I think her arm on Johns shoulder is a type of acceptance of what is to come and understanding that John will make the way for Christ. Do consider drawing to be an important art form. As mentioned in some of the articles read about Raphael and his drawings, his drawings were sometimes more detailed than the actual paintings he would take from the drawings. I think drawing allows an artist to explore their ideas thou committing to them, because once they begin with the paint there is really no going back.

The Decade Of Realizations Amercian Youth During The Last Century Ess

The Decade Of Realizations: Amercian Youth During The Last Century Of all the 1980's films, that can be described as ?Eighties Teen Movies? (Thorburn, 1998) or ?High School Movies? (Messner, 1998), those written and (with the exception of ?Pretty In Pink? (1986) and ?Some Kind of Wonderful?(1987)) directed by John Hughes were often seen to define the genre, even leading to the tag ?John Hughes rites de passage movies? as a genre definition used in 1990s popular culture (such as in ?Wayne's World 2? (1994 dir. Stephen Surjik)). This term refers to the half dozen films made between 1984 and 1987; chronologically, ?Sixteen Candles? (1984), ?The Breakfast Club? (1985), ?Weird Science? (1985), ?Ferris Bueller's Day Off? (1986), ?Pretty In Pink? (1986) and ?Some Kind Of Wonderful? (1987) (the latter two being directed by Howard Deutch). For the purpose of this study, ?Weird Science? and ?Some Kind of Wonderful? shall be excluded; ?Weird Science? since, unlike the other films, it is grounded in science fiction rather than reality and ?Some Kind of Wonderfu l? as its characters are fractionally older and have lost the ?innocence? key to the previous movies: as Bernstein states ?the youthful naivete was missing and the diamond earring motif [a significant gift within the film] was no substitute? (Bernstein, 1997, p.89). Bernstein suggests that the decadent 1980s were like the 1950s, ?an AIDS-free adventure playground with the promise of prosperity around every corner ? our last age of innocence? (Bernstein, 1997, p.1). The films were very much a product of the time in terms of their production (?suddenly adolescent spending power dictated that Hollywood direct all its energies to fleshing out the fantasies of our friend, Mr. Dumb Horny 14 Year Old? Bernstein, 1997, p.4), their repetition (with the growth of video cassette recorders, cable and satellite with time to fill, and also the likes of MTV promoting the film's soundtracks) and their ideologies. The capitalist ideas so prominent in the Reagan / Thatcher era are as clearly instilled in the youth of the 1980s films as their, usually middle class, screen parents. Only ?Pretty In Pink? (and indirectly, ?The Breakfast Club?) actually confronts class differences; in the other films, the middle class way of life is accepted as default. Almost every John Hughes film is set in affluent suburbia with the repetition of certain imagery (the big house, gardens and tree-lined quiet streets, and often a wood-paneled station wagon) with a certain population (rich, white families), which is reflected in the body of the attended, well-equipped schools. Such a sheltered existence has led the youthful characters of ?Ferris Bueller's Day Off? and ?Sixteen Candles? in particular to unquestionably adopted their parents' ideologies. In ?Sixteen Candles?, the central character, Samantha Baker (Molly Ringwald) hopes, realistically, for a ?trans-am? car for her forgotten 16th birthday whereas Ferris B ueller (Matthew Broderick)'s birthday gift of a computer rather than a car is a constantly referred to concern in ?Ferris Bueller's Day Off?; although it was obviously an expensive gift, he is not satisfied as it is not the expensive gift he wanted as it is not an obvious sign of wealth. Ferris Bueller's materialism reflects the centering of the individual's wants over the community's needs as was common in 1980s affluent society. It is taken for granted (by them and their parents) that each of the characters in ?Ferris Bueller's Day Off? will go to university and that this will lead to financial success and therefore, an increase in class status through accumulated material signifiers. In a quote at the beginning, Bueller sums this up ?I have to take it [a test], I want to go a good college so I can have fruitful life?. This is what his parents want to hear (which is obviously why he is saying it) but it is what he would want too; anything less would disappoint him in comparison to the life he is accustomed to. ?Ferris Bueller's Day Off? offers a representation of America that it is almost purely middle class whilst ?The Breakfast Club? contrasts the middle class way of life with the abusive family of working class ?criminal? John Bender (Judd Nelson). Bender seems almost resentful and jealous of the family life and material

Free Essays on Grendel

Too often society defines heroes as those who possess extraordinary super powers or those who act as martyrs. Society sees these people as heroes and underestimates the heroism that lies within traditional people with conventional lives. In Grendel, by John Gardner, Grendel’s understanding of humanity’s cruelty broadens the definition of heroism in modern and historical culture. Although Grendel plays the role of a monster in the story, he is more essential to the kingdom than any hero because he provides them with the reality that death is inescapable. Traditional heroism involves admirable traits, yet society overlooks the necessities those unconventional heroes provide through exemplifying integrity, resisting convention, and outstanding but understated achievement. In Grendel, a brave warrior speaks of heroism and states, â€Å"Except in the life of a hero, the whole world’s meaningless† (89). Yet in Grendel, the antagonist actually provides more quality to life than the protagonist does. Considering the circumstances of Grendel’s life, Grendel shows integrity simply by having a splinter of hope in humanity and it’s future. Distraught at the bloodshed and cruelty of society, Grendel loses sight of the goodness that humans are capable of and attacks the kingdom out of despair, rage, and unbelief. Providing them with the knowledge that one day their lives will end, Grendel gives quality and meaning to their lives, disproving Unferth’s statement. Unferth also says, â€Å"The hero sees values beyond what is possible. That’s the nature of a hero. It kills him of course, ultimately† (89). Contrastingly, Kenneth Beck reveals through illness that the value of life is immeasurable. His battle with paralysis proves that life is not only meaningful, but that everything about life contains meaning and everything during life should be cherished. Kenneth’s accident and wavering recovery conveyed the value of life thr... Free Essays on Grendel Free Essays on Grendel Too often society defines heroes as those who possess extraordinary super powers or those who act as martyrs. Society sees these people as heroes and underestimates the heroism that lies within traditional people with conventional lives. In Grendel, by John Gardner, Grendel’s understanding of humanity’s cruelty broadens the definition of heroism in modern and historical culture. Although Grendel plays the role of a monster in the story, he is more essential to the kingdom than any hero because he provides them with the reality that death is inescapable. Traditional heroism involves admirable traits, yet society overlooks the necessities those unconventional heroes provide through exemplifying integrity, resisting convention, and outstanding but understated achievement. In Grendel, a brave warrior speaks of heroism and states, â€Å"Except in the life of a hero, the whole world’s meaningless† (89). Yet in Grendel, the antagonist actually provides more quality to life than the protagonist does. Considering the circumstances of Grendel’s life, Grendel shows integrity simply by having a splinter of hope in humanity and it’s future. Distraught at the bloodshed and cruelty of society, Grendel loses sight of the goodness that humans are capable of and attacks the kingdom out of despair, rage, and unbelief. Providing them with the knowledge that one day their lives will end, Grendel gives quality and meaning to their lives, disproving Unferth’s statement. Unferth also says, â€Å"The hero sees values beyond what is possible. That’s the nature of a hero. It kills him of course, ultimately† (89). Contrastingly, Kenneth Beck reveals through illness that the value of life is immeasurable. His battle with paralysis proves that life is not only meaningful, but that everything about life contains meaning and everything during life should be cherished. Kenneth’s accident and wavering recovery conveyed the value of life thr... Free Essays on Grendel Grendel, though he needs to kill to do so, functions very well in his own sphere. Grendel survives in a hostile climate where he is hated and feared by all. He lives in a cave protected by firesnakes so as to physically, as well as spiritually, separate himself from the society that detests, yet admires, him. Grendel is "the brute existent by which [humankind] learns to define itself"(Gardner 73). Hrothgar's thanes continually try to extinguish Grendel's infernal rage, while he simply wishes to live in harmony with them. On the other hand, Grendel makes numerous attempts to assimilate into society, but he is repeatedly turned back. Early in his life, Grendel dreams of associating with Hrothgar's great warriors. Nightly, Grendel goes down to the meadhall to listen to Hrothgar's stories and the thanes' heroism, but most of all, he comes to hear the Shaper. The Shaper's stories are Grendel's only education as they enlighten him to the history of the society that he yearns to join. "[The Shaper] changed the world, had torn up its past by its thick gnarled roots and had transmuted it, and they, who knew the truth, remembered it his way- and so did [Grendel]"(Gardner 43). Upon Grendel's first meeting with Hrothgar, the great hero tries to kill him by chopping him out of a tree. "The king (Hrothgar) snatches an ax from the man beside him and, without any warning, he hurls it at [Grendel]"(Gardner 27). After being attacked by those he so admires, he turns against them to wreak havoc on their civilizat! ion. This revolution is most evident in John Gardner's Grendel. In Hrothgar's meadhall, his thanes are discussing the heroic revolution with the Shaper. According to the Shaper, the kingdom, those in power, pretends to be protecting the values of all people. Supposedly, the revolution causes the kingdom to save the values of the community-regulate compromise- improve the quality of the commonwealth. In other words, protect the power of the peo...

Assignment #2 355 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

#2 355 - Assignment Example Additionally, the family is constantly involved in wrangles and family conflicts, mainly associated with limited resource availability and distribution. One aspect worth noting with the family is the aspect of the gendered division of labor. Jay, who is the head of the family, struggles in order to provide for his big family, which comprises of his second wife, who also works though for limited pay, and, therefore only takes care of her two children, a stepson, an infant son, two adult children, their spouses, one couple of which comprises same sex individuals, and children. Jay and the two adult children all struggle with menial jobs to make ends meet in for the provision of the familys basic needs , while Jay’s second wife, despite also working, only takes care of her children while the other adult children’s spouses, work on the housekeeping duties. Considering how big the family is, with a house that is tiny, the house is rarely clean, with the large number of members as well as the struggle between the adult females in the house about the person to clean the house contributing to the house untidiness. The lead characters are individuals of 20 years and above, among whom conflict is constantly witnessed. There is no frail elderly individual in the family; however, Jay’s stepson is constantly on the wheelchair because of broken limbs from an earlier accident. From the TV show, work is presented favorably as a factor towards the contribution of provision of family’s basic needs. However, the family is presented negatively as despite the effort put by Jay and the adult children in their duties towards providing for the family, the family members is always in conflict, especially the Jay’s second wife and Jay’s other children. Modern family characters portray a critical aspect of what a modern family in America comprises. First, is an

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Project Management - Essay Example Kerzner (2009) points out four different phases of the a project life cycle and these are the Conception Phase, Definition Phase, Execution Phase, and Operation Phase. On the other hand, Hira and Parfitt (2004) provide five phases in the project cycle which are Identification, Preparation, Appraisal, Implementation, and Evaluation. Perhaps the most popular view divides the project cycle into five stages, or process groups as some references have called them, which are initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing (Rubin, 1995; Owen & Rogers, 1999; Elia, 2004; Elearn Limited, 2005; Heldman, Baca, & Jansen, 2007; Sanghera, 2008; Mihelcic, 2009). Within these stages, there are also a set of processes involved that are part of the knowledge required to manage a particular project. These knowledge areas are Communication Management, Cost Management, Human Resource Management, Integration Management, Procurement Management, Risk Management, Scope Management, and Time Management (Sanghera, 2008). While a large portion of this paper will focus mainly on the different stages of the project cycle and the processes within each of these stages, the discussion will also incorporate these knowledge areas. ... s important that a particular emphasis is placed on this stage because if this stage is merely skimmed over because the group is rushing to get started on what most would perceive as the actual work, the group will have a hard time implementing the project, not to mention needing more time to achieve it and thus, the project will most likely fail. This is the phase which examines and decides whether the project is worth doing or not. This process group provides approval to commit the organization’s resources to working on the project or phase (Heldman, Baca, & Jansen, 2007). The most important objectives of the project are identified and defined and financial commitments are undertaken to determine exactly what resources will be needed to complete the project (Elia, 2004). The project manager is assigned and authorized to begin working on the project. This is also the stage where the expectations for the project are formalized and communicated to all of the stakeholders. More specifically, the processes involved in this stage include the development of the project charter and the preliminary project scope statement, which are covered by the knowledge area of integration management (Sanghera, 2008). These outputs become inputs into the Planning process group. The Initiation phase for a contractor most likely starts once the firm is awarded a contract and has received a notice to proceed. Sometimes, there are also companies who move forward with less certain conditions. The estimate now becomes a project and a job or work order number is given to it. The project manager is assigned who then prepares to receive the handoff, or the transitional stage between project phases, from the estimating department (Elia, 2004). Planning The planning phase is which involves the

Discuss the relative merits of workplace parking charges and Essay

Discuss the relative merits of workplace parking charges and congestion charging as a basis for reducing car dependency in British cities - Essay Example imposed on Private Non-Residential (PNR) car parking at workplaces that in past have been free as a practical fiscal measure to discourage car based transport for the staffs, to and from the workplace. Car based commuting has in the past propelled the level of road congestion. The charges are aimed at discouraging the staff to adopt other modes of transport like walking, cycling or adopting car club strategy which gives people access to vehicles on pay-as-you-go basis. Congestion charging involves levying every vehicle based on the trip length in terms of travel time or travel distance and trip externalities related to a vehicle contribution to congestion and air pollution. Currently the continuous fees charged, based on mileage is best for all vehicles types; ranging from the commercial motor bikes, commercial vans, and trailers to the private cars. Proposal is under way to use a MOBB (Mobile Operated Black Box) that is based on solution which would identity the details of the vehicle and the driver. Implemented as a mobile handset using the UK mobile network and employing the Location Based Service mobile application to locate the coordinates, which help determine whether the vehicle is within the charging zone or just in the entire road network then transmit the data to the congestion charges operational center that is either local or national. It has seen decrease in the traffic congestion in the charging zones in the various cities of British. Taking London for example employed the London Congestion Charging Scheme (LCCS). From the table below gives the changes in the number of different types of vehicles entering and leaving the charging zones. The large improvement of London bus network has seen people switching to the use of the bus, they have increased the number of the buses with combination of more frequency and good network, this has seen car user avoiding to pay the congestion charges switch to public transport. Taking for example of the data

Police Ethics and Deviance Essay Example for Free

Police Ethics and Deviance Essay This paper intends to define ethics and briefly discuss its role in policing. It also aims to talk about the ethical standards in policing. Last but not least, it will also cover the deviant behaviors, as well as, its effects. Ethics Defined Ethics is technically defined as â€Å"the practical, normative study of the rightness and wrongness of human conduct† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 292).   It is upon which conduct is based (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 292). It determines whether or not an act is morally correct (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 292). Nature of Ethics and Its Role in Policing Meanwhile, with regards to the nature of ethics being a standard of moral correctness, it contributes largely in policing (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 292).   Explaining further, without ethics, a police officer will not be able to carry out critical thinking; it is only through ethical decision-making that he will arrive with the best solutions to any issue he or she is faced with (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 292).   In addition to that, through ethics police officers tend to become honest and when they stay honest they are, as well as, their respected departments are respected which allow their team to â€Å"recognize their full potential† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 292). See, ethics is really important to policing because it helps police officers do â€Å"good† and the carry out the â€Å"right acts† all the time (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). Ethical Standards in Policing In fact, to keep the police force doing good and the right thing, the department has come up with ethical standards in policing (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). These include the following: The first one is known as the â€Å"organizational value systems† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). This has been produced so that police officers are taught the correct behaviors that they ought to instill in themselves (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). It serves as a guide as to what behaviors are correct and ethical (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). The second is technically referred to as the â€Å"oath of office† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). This is like a promise made by the police officers that they will act according to the laws/rules/etcetera stipulated in the oath (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). The third is technically known as the â€Å"Law Enforcement Code of Ethics† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). This one is disseminated by the â€Å"International Association of Chiefs of Police† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). The last which the police force is obliged to follow also is the â€Å"US Constitution† (US Supreme Court, 2008, n.p.). Of course, the â€Å"Bill of Rights† go along with the aforementioned as well (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). Both are known to be the basis of police ethics because of its â€Å"lawful† character; lawful indeed, since it is a collection of the â€Å"US Supreme Court, Federal, State Criminal Laws, as well as, Codes of Criminal Procedure† (US Supreme Court, 2008, n.p.). Deviant Behaviors and Its Effects However, it cannot be denied that despite so many ethical standards utilized and implemented by the police force, there are still some who do not accept and follow it (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 293). Some of the deviant behaviors committed and its effects are the following: A) Police Corruption â€Å"Police corruption† is technically defined as â€Å"an act involving the misuse of authority by a police officer in a manner designed to produce personal gain for himself or others† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 296). Examples of police corruption are the following: 1) receiving money from â€Å"loan sharks, hijackers, etc†; 2) receiving money, free food, free accommodations, etcetera in exchange for services rendered; 3) accepting money in exchange of classified information provided to â€Å"criminals or private investigation firms†; 4) accepting payment in exchange of not having parking and traffic violators summoned; 5) etcetera (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 295). As expected corruption brings about negative effects and these include the following: 1) it only motivates others to practice corruption also especially if police officers realize that there is a slight possibility of getting caught; 2) the police department is affected and the public’s respect for it is lost; and last but not least 3) people will no longer respect the police officers and will not follow the rules implemented by them eventually as well (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). B) Police Misconduct Police misconduct is also included in the list of deviant behaviors committed by some of the police officers (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 303). This entails: â€Å"the use of illegal drugs; alcohol abuse; abuse of authority; sexual violence; as well as, domestic violence† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 303). The effect of this is just like in the first deviant behavior discussed wherein people tend to lose their trust on the police force and eventually carry out deviant behaviors as well (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 303). C) Police Brutality Police brutality is also one of the deviant behaviors committed by some of the police officers (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 308). This is defined as the unfair and extreme use of force on suspects and other criminals (Mangan, 2000, n.p.). The effects of such include: 1) psychological trauma for the victim; and 2) he or she will later turn out to be rebellious and revengeful (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 308).

Comparing the Voice of Frost in Mending Wall, After Apple-Picking, and

The Voice of Frost in Mending Wall, After Apple-Picking, and The Wood-Pile    The "persona" narratives from the book - "Mending Wall," "After Apple-Picking," and "The Wood-Pile" - also strive for inclusiveness although they are spoken throughout by a voice we are tempted to call "Frost." This voice has no particular back-country identity, nor is it obsessed or limited in its point of view; it seems rather to be exploring nature, other people, ideas, ways of saying things, for the sheer entertainment they can provide. Unlike poems such as "Home Burial" and "A Servant to Servants," which are inclined toward the tragic or the pathetic, nothing "terrible" happens in the personal narratives, nor does some ominous secret lie behind them. In "The Wood-Pile," for example, almost nothing happens at all; its story, its achieved idea or wisdom, the whole air with which it carries itself, is quite unmemorable. A man out walking in a frozen swamp decides to turn back, then decides instead to go farther and see what will happen. He notes a bird in front of him and spends so me time musing on what the bird must be thinking, then sees it settle behind a pile of wood. The pile is described so as to bring out the fact that it has been around for some time. With a reflection about whoever it was who left it there, "far from a useful fireplace," the poem concludes. And the reader looks up from the text, wonders if he has missed something, perhaps goes back and reads it again to see if he can catch some meaning which has eluded him. But "The Wood-Pile" remains stubbornly unyielding to any attempt at ransacking it for a meaning not evidently on the surface. This surface is a busy one, as when the speaker meets the bird: A small bird flew be... ...essing it, when he has no audience to be bullied or flattered, when he is free, and speech takes one form and no other." Despite the presence of back-country characters and scenes in this "book of people," it is as a book of sentence sounds that it most truly exists, as a triumphant vindication of the poetic theory Frost had designed, and as a monument to how much could be accomplished by trusting to the rendering of speech. At the end of "Home Burial," the wife lashes out at her husband in exasperation: "You - oh, you think the talk is all . . ." But for the composer of these poems, the talk is all, whether that of his imagined characters or of himself speaking aloud. Works Cited Frost, Robert. "Mending Wall." The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Julia Reidhead. 5th ed. 2 vols. New York: Norton, 1998. Frost: A Literary Life Reconsidered.

Social Program on the Elderly

The study of ageing and the elderly not only deals with the physical aspect of ageing but it goes on to discuss the other social implication of the process of ageing on social structures.The processes are very contradictory if considered in the context location for example, elderly people in the modern, so called civilized society, are held in low social status as compared to their counterparts in the backward areas, furthermore they do not readily accept that aging is a process that one has to undergo if he/she is to fully complete the human life cycle; a fact that is readily accepted by the elderly in a backward society (Aye & Oberg, 1997). Gerontology is a field that deals in the study of ageing and the elderly.The field not only deals in the physical aging process but also discusses areas like sociology and culture that are highly influential in the aging process (Manning, 2003). The thesis of the paper is to come up with a comprehensive program that would deal effectively with t he problem of the elderly in the society. Statement of the Problem The society that we are currently living in has an ever increasing number of persons over the age of 65 years. The rate of aging has considerably increased.The social effects of aging should be viewed from different points of view which include the question of what aging is and the effects of the said phenomena (Aye & Oberg, 1997). In the uncivilized cultures the elderly are respected as they are seen to be a source of immense knowledge and thus they play the role of decision making. In the modern society such knowledge is rarely considered to be of use as the current society views such accumulated wisdom to be outdated and obsolete. On the other hand, the elderly are less acceptant of the idea that aging is inevitable to them as living humans.Advancements in several fields for instance nutrition and medicine has turned the nature of aging from inevitable to ‘delayable' or in some cases preventable (Hooker, 197 8). As compared to a couple of decades ago people now live longer as a result of better hygiene, food and healthcare. Thus due to this changes in demographics sociologists nowadays speak of population ageing. To bring the problem into perspective in Britain the proportion of the elderly in the society was 5% in 1850, the current proportion is 25%. The problem is brought out more clearly by putting into consideration the population increase that is of over 700%.With the current trends almost all developed countries will experience the problem of ageing populations. In the developed world one out of every six people is an elderly man. The forecasts have projected that in the next 30 years 25% of the population will be composed of the elderly. The situation is more grim in Austria and Germany where it is projected that by 2030 the population of the elderly will be 33% and 50% respectively (Watson, 1985). The problem is aggravated by the trend of the ever increasing number of the very o ld people in the population of the elderly.The process which is at times referred to as the ageing of the elderly is a phenomenon in which the number of persons in the lower ages in the population of the elderly perpetually becomes insignificant to the number of the extremely elderly. The number of persons over the age of 85 years in the next 50 years will be six times the current number. Description of the Organization. Overview This program is aimed at bringing together the elderly in a bid to improve their lives in a family like setting. It therefore includes the provision of basic health services and counselling in order to improve the ageing process for the elderly.Authority The program is constituted under the US laws that allow for the creation of social programs that cater for special interest groups like the elderly. Scope The program will provide healthcare to the elderly as its basic mandate. To aid this, the program will also provide nutritional services and a forum thro ugh which the elderly can interact with both the elderly and the young in a family like setting. The program will also be involved in counselling and outreach programs for the elderly. Eligibility The following two conditions must be met by all who wish to join the program:†¢ Must be of 65 years and above. †¢ Must have documents proving his/her identity and age. Benefits The benefits of the program are: †¢ The elderly are provided with better healthcare. †¢ The elderly are provided with better nutrition. †¢ Provides a platform through which the elderly can interact with their peers thus dispelling the feeling of loneliness. Goals †¢ Efficient service provision to the elderly in the society. †¢ Reach as many elderly persons in the society as possible. Objectives †¢ To provide a community for the elderly through which they can feel more appreciated as a constituent part of the society.†¢ To ensure that the elderly find a community in which they can feel more attached to. †¢ To ensure the elderly also contribute to the development of the society. †¢ To ensure the elderly have access to recreational facilities. †¢ To ensure the elderly have access to basic healthcare and nutrition. Services †¢ Provision of basic healthcare services to the elderly in the society. †¢ Providing peer mechanism through which the elderly relate to their peers and to the young as they relate their experiences. †¢ Advising on and provision of proper nutrition services to the elderly. Mission StatementTo ensure the betterment of life for the elderly by providing to them all their basic needs as human and social beings in an ethical manner. Value Statement As a social program we believe in respect and adherence to the human rights. We therefore help the elderly as a means of alleviating and/or eliminating the suffering both physical and psychological that is associated with old age. We value the family as the basic s ocial unit. Code of Ethics There are several rules that must be put in place to ensure that the ethics code and mission statements are adhered to in the course of achieving the objectives of the program.The rules can be categorized into those that deal with the relationship between the worker and the elderly and those that deal with the worker and the administration (Watson, 1985). They include: †¢ Human rights The social worker must at all times protect the rights of the elderly. Furthermore, the rights of the social workers must be respected by both the patients and the administrators. †¢ Confidentiality Confidential information on the patient must never be delivered to other persons without the consent of the patient or the intervention of the law. †¢ Professional developmentThe social worker and all other employees must exhibit competence and act according to the professional ethics and standards as stipulated by their profession's code of ethics. †¢ Responsi bility The social workers and all other employees are answerable to the patient and the administration. †¢ Stewardship The program is responsible for the life of the elderly under their care and all employees must behave and act in a manner that is aimed at achieving the mission of the program. †¢ Group Autonomy The organization and all that are involved in the program will at all times respect the culture, autonomy and rights of the program.†¢ Conflict of Interest All complaints or issue arising in the course of working must be addressed through the laid down guidelines †¢ Respect, equity and trust. The organization will always strive for an environment in which all members live with respect and trust for each other and where decisions are made in an equitable manner. †¢ Tools, process and methods All processes, methods and tools will be used as per the requirements of the profession and as per the professional ethical code. †¢ Law The program will at all times obey the authority under which it is instituted.Organizational culture The organizational culture that will be adopted is the clan culture. This type of corporate culture is characterized by a family like setting in the organization (Watson, 1985). The personal wellbeing of the elderly and the people attending to them is a great concern in this type of culture. Furthermore, social workers and the elderly will be encouraged to interact at a more personal level as such interaction will go in line with the objective of creating a family like setting for the elderly.This type of culture is also characterized by promotion from within, which will aid the creation of a family like setting for the elderly which is in line with the objective in the quest for the mission. Leadership The leadership approach that will be employed by the program is transformational leadership. The leadership will be aimed at inspiring and motivating employees so that they can achieve new heights in bot h their personal and social lives. This kind of leadership has four components namely charisma or idealized influence, motivation, individualized considerations and intellectual stimulation.Being charismatic is defined as having a dynamic, commanding and energetic presence. Such leaders are often idealized. Motivation means having the ability to appeal to basic values coupled with compelling vision. The ability to inspire people into thinking differently is referred to as intellectual stimulation. Lastly, paying attention to and meeting peoples need is referred to as individualized consideration. This program typically presents a clash between standards of behavior and values. Furthermore, the evidence of the problem that the program deals in are based on forecasts and are therefore not quite clear.Transformation leadership is best suited for this kind of situation because, a leader who has a good idea and integrity is more likely to create a change or implement the idea if he/she p resents the case with enough enthusiasm that will inspire the people. Oversight There are two important aspect in evaluating the success of an organization. These are service delivery and the method or technique used in evaluation. The important aspect to look at are what we want in a good service delivery system. There are several key areas that our services must fit in, these are:†¢ Our services must be integrated and continuous †¢ Accessible to the elderly †¢ Promote a culture of accountability for actions and decisions in service delivery. Integration and Continuity The program will deliver more than a single program benefit or service. On that account, problems of integrating different program operations, benefits, and services are always an issue. For instance, if system or program parts are not integrated, clients or consumers may be continually sent from one office to the next without understanding the reasons for being shuffled around, this can be so frustrat ing.Thus integrating the services that are often needed by persons seeking a particular service will ensure integration and also ensure good service provision while at the same time cutting on the costs. The continuity of the program will be ensured by following up all decisions and advice may have been made concerning the old people. Every policy will have an implementation plan that is conclusive and addresses the entire problem of the elderly. Accessibility The program is also set on the key value of accessibility as a service is of no importance if it can't be accessed by the target population.To ensure this, the services will be provided in all the major towns in readily accessible areas by any means of public transport. The procedures in accessing the services are also simple and do not require much paper work nor prowess in reading or writing. The personnel will also be a mixture of several ethnic groups in order to ensure ease of communication in cases where the service seek er cannot communicate effectively in English or in other major languages. Accountability Another key ideal that the program will be built on is accountability.The following will be implemented to ensure accountability: †¢ Mechanism will be put in place for instance, the use of suggestion boxes, to aid the identification of employees that are irresponsible. †¢ It should be possible for both the employees and their bosses to identify the specific organizational policy that justify any policy by creating well defined policies. †¢ Creating mechanisms through which substantive disagreement, with the preceding opinions by outside third parties, can be heard and resolved. This is provided for in the rules.Independent observers and valuators will be involved in evaluating the success of the program by getting the elderly persons involved in the program take on the service delivery and the effect the program has had on their lives. The success of the program will thus be evalu ated by comparing the input into the program and the output. Conclusion The above program if well implemented will lead to the improvement of the lives of the elderly in various locations, even though success largely depend on its implementation.Reference List Aye, K. , Oberg, K. (1997). Elderly Men: Special Problems and Professional Challenges. New York, Springer Series, Spring Publishing. p. 18 Hooker, S. (1978). Caring for the Elderly People. London: Routledge & Keagan Paul. p. 12 Manning, S. S. (2003). Ethical Leadership in Human Services. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Watson, D. (1985). A Code of Ethics for Social Work: The Second Step. London: Routledge & Kcgan Paul. Wilding. p. 32

Hasty Desicion Essay

Who falls in love after seeing each other for only one night. Romeo and Juliet has made some hasty decisions for those few days they were together. What do i mean about hasty decisions is like getting married and not never telling their parents knowing that they hate each other. Romeo killing Juliet’s cousin Tybalt during a little fight. And Romeo killing himself after hearing that Juliet fake her death. That is what i mean about hasty decisions. Romeo and Juliet were very young Juliet was fourteen years old and Romeo was sixteen or seventeen years old. Romeo and Juliet falls in love with each other as soon as they saw each other. It was at a dance. Romeo and Juliet families did not like each other for nothing in the world that’s what makes it worst. How are you going to have a relationship with someone if the parent’s doesn’t approve of it that’s kind of miss up right. So they had a secret wedding that only the nurse and the preacher know about. That’s one the hasty decisions that were made in this story. In the story of Romeo and Juliet they make another hasty decision. Romeo kills Juliet cousin Tybalt . Romeo has made a very huge hasty decision right here by killing a family member. What makes it very bad is that the families a families already don’t like each other and he go and kills his wife cousin. So they go and deliver the news to the families and Juliet family say’s that Romeo should die for doing a such thing. So now that Romeo has killed Tybalt is focus to move out the city or he will be killed. The last hasty decision that was made was that happen in the story is that Romeo has killed himself with some position . Romeo kills himself because he heard that Juliet killed herself. So now Romeo is gone and died somewhere else . Then they tell Juliet and she fake her death. So now that the truth comma’s out about them . The nurse ends up telling the families that they were married and had no other choices about but to just to get alone with each other choice but to like each other. In conclusion their were so much more hasty decision that were made. And i just chose to do those three to write my essay on how they made bad things like. Married without telling either of their parents knowing that they hate each other, Romeo killing juliet’s cousin Tybalt and almost getting himself killed, and Romeo and Juliet drinking a position to kill their self and that killed Romeo and they never said if it killed Juliet. But i think it did in my own opinion. That is my way of them trying to show their hasty decision. I wonder what would happen to me if i did any of these types of hasty decision that they had made.

The Use of Technologies in Education

The Use of Technologies in Education Technology, by its broadest meaning, has a very important role in today’s classrooms. The application of that technology, however, must be carefully and strategically implemented in order to be of meaningful value to both teachers and pupils. Throughout history, there have been various inventions of technologies, which have brought about revolutionary changes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Use of Technologies in Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Technology continually changes our world in outstanding ways, observable from the Sumerians’ invention of the first ever-documented writing system of cuneiform, the Egyptians’ invention of the papyrus, the comparatively more recent inventions of the printing press, television, computers, and the internet. Even the casual definition of the word technology has undergone various transformations over time. According to Noah Webster who is consi dered to have been among the founding fathers of education in America, technology stood for the â€Å"description of arts, or a treatise on the arts.† (Webster, 1828). Today, technology is defined as the practical application of knowledge, especially in a particular area (Cuban, 1998). In the educational setting, technology is referenced as â€Å"whatever the most advanced technologies are available for teaching and learning in a particular area.† (Pea, 1998). With this kind of understanding, one can then confidently assume that technology in the classroom today obviously includes the use of computers, digital media, and the Internet. Although the use of technology in schools has brought some significant improvements, we must ask some multifaceted questions regarding its use (Cuban, 1998). This paper seeks to discuss some of the ways in which television and other mass media has affected students, schools, and education in general. The paper will also seek to look at so me of the pros and cons of using technologies in education. There is no doubt that the mass media plays a significant role in shaping the ideas of school age children. One area where the mass media has really influenced the education sector has been in the dissemination of information concerning gender violence. Although this is not directly linked with the school curriculum, there is no denying that it is an important subject even among students. Indeed, the relationship between gender and violence is complex. The different roles and behaviors of females and males, children as well as adults, are shaped and reinforced by gender norms within society and as expected, this are inherited at the early stages of life. This is the reason why those fighting against gender based violence work with schoolchildren before gender attitudes and behaviors are deeply rooted (Spring, 1982).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15 % OFF Learn More In schools, media interventions such as the use of television, radio, Internet, newspapers, magazines and other published publications have been found to effect change within schoolchildren (Spring, 1982). These media tools have been found to increase knowledge, challenge attitudes and modify behavior. Media interventions have also been found to alter social norms and values among schoolchildren (e.g. the belief that masculinity is associated with aggression) through public discussions and social interaction. Media campaigns have proved to be successful in increasing knowledge of intimate partner violence and influencing attitudes towards gender violence. In many parts of the world, the use of television and radio has been used in schools to promote social change for improving sexual and reproductive health. Indeed educators have proved that such programs leads to a positive change in attitudes towards gender equity, among those exposed to it (Cuban, 1998). Additionally, the use of computers in school has greatly influenced the teaching of communication skills in schools. Indeed, there is no denying that communication has become increasingly computerized and electronic. This has called for the need to revise the use of the traditional models of learning in this area. Some English educators suggest that using multimedia technology for teaching literary texts can give students a critical way of approaching sign systems and visual symbols. For example, hypermedia can be used to critically respond to literature using print, visuals, video, sound, and links to websites. Computers have also helped English scholars to expand ‘deep reading’ of media to include ‘deep viewing’ of visual media. This has provided English students with critical skills on how to deconstruct mass media messages and practical skills to construct their own persuasive, multi-media communications (Spring, 1982). Although technology is av ailable in all areas of education, the question that we should ask ourselves is whether all the aspects of education require the use of education for them to be effective (Cuban, 1998).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Use of Technologies in Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is no denying that some ages, disciplines and learning styles are better suited to different, non-technological learning methods. It is clear, therefore, to have clear goals regarding the use of technology in the classroom, just as we must have clear goals and solutions for how to achieve particular outcomes in all disciplines, with both the presence and absence of technology (Cuban, 1998). Another con of using technology in schools is the high cost involved. All of us will agree that most of the hardware and software used in our schools today needs major capital investments but it becomes obsolete within a very short time. Add itionally, the proliferation of the home computers, which are intrinsically less expensive to update creates the possibility of the classroom computers becoming largely mediocre to the student’s home computer, thus lowering the value of instruction on the classroom computer. There is also no doubt that some goals are better achieved through non-technological methods. The stages of learning and of cognitive development largely remain unchanged even in an increasingly technologically advanced society. The use of computers should largely be used for play especially in young children whose cognitive development requires a multi sensory approach that is unrealistic to create through technology (Pea, 1998). Apart from modeling unhealthy sexual behaviors, the mass media has been found to negatively influence other aspects of teens’ physical and psychological well-being. Research suggests that media portrayals of unrealistic body images negatively impact teens’ self-est eem (Pea, 1998). Teens, especially young females, become discontent with their bodies and may develop unhealthy eating behaviors in an attempt to achieve media-ideal body types. Although family and social relationships also have an influence, teens learn about society and sexual relationships from visual media images portraying body types, clothing, and other cultural norms. Although the use of such visuals may not be present in the mass media incorporated in schools, students will still believe the information they get from the media at home since its use has already been endorsed in the school setting (Pea, 1998).Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Having said that, there is no denying that technologies can help us to pose and give answers to basic questions that can lead to fundamental breakthroughs in learning and education. Technology places at our fingertips the most immense access to knowledge and information that any society has ever known. Indeed, psychologists have affirmed that the use of some media tools such as blogs can promote critical and analytical thinking. Additionally, such media tools can be a powerful promoter of creative, intuitive, and associational thinking as well as promote analogical thinking. Using media tools such as the internet can also act as a medium for increasing access and exposure to quality information (Cuban, 1998). Ultimately, the effective implementation of the media in the classroom creates a bridge between school and world by allowing students to intellectually interact with peers, teachers and professionals on a global level. The media by its very nature of supporting diverse learning styles helps in fostering the deeper understanding and greater readiness for lifelong learning. Apart from the students, the use of technology also gives a new approach to teacher professional development. Despite the disadvantages associated with the use of technology in schools, we cannot ignore its use in classrooms. Instead, we should find effective ways to implement educational technology in this Information Age (Cuban, 1998). Conclusion In the recent past, the use of different media tools has found its way in to our classrooms. This has been by way of television, radios, computers and even the internet. The benefits of using technology in our schools are innumerable. By a large part, these media tools have been used to carry on campaigns that have helped to change the thinking pattern and even some behavior in our society. Despite these benefits, there is no denying that the use of technology in learning institutions poses some problems. This is true especially for young chil dren whose cognitive development is largely dependent on a multi sensory approach that is unrealistic to create through technology. Despite these disadvantages, we cannot ignore the use of technology and instead, we should work hard to devise effective ways that can be used to implement educational technology in this Information Age. References Cuban, L. (1998). The Pros and Cons of Technology in the Classroom. Web. Pea, R. (1998). The Pros and Cons of Technology in the Classroom. Web. Spring, J. (1982). Images of American Life: A History of Ideological Management in Schools, Movies, Radio, and Television. New York: Albany. Webster, Noah. (1828). First Edition of an American Dictionary of the English  Language. Massachusetts: Merriam Company.

Comparison between First and Last Covenants of the Old Testament Term Paper

Comparison between First and Last Covenants of the Old Testament - Term Paper Example The Old Testament views God’s commands decreed upon Adam, the father of humanity, during his stay in the Garden of Eden, as the first covenant issued by the Lord to the humankind. The covenant assured bestowing of God’s countless bounties and blessings upon man, against which it imposed only one single restriction on him i.e. not to taste the fruit of the forbidden tree (of knowledge). (Genesis, 2: 16-17) Additionally, God blessed Adam with the mandate of remaining fruitful and multiply subsequently, as the Old Testament reveals that God said to Adam to â€Å"be fruitful and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it; have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over every living thing that moves on the earth† (Gen. 1:28). Similarly, the Lord made His covenant with King David, which is stated to be the last covenant described in the Old Testament; according to which God would not only send Messiah from the line of David, but also the rulers and kings would also belong to the same line. Additionally, messiah would also rule over the entire world, and all the races would be as his subjugated ones. Hence, God would bless Davidic seed with the spiritual and materialistic domination for the future generations to come. â€Å"The Davidic king would be the one to defeat all the Satanic enemies of God and establish the kingdom of blessing all over the world (Ps. 2, 89:21-29; 110). He would be the seed of the woman who would defeat the seed of the serpent and save the world. Not only a king, he is also a priest after the order of Melchizedek (Ps. 110). It is even hinted that He would offer Himself as the sacrifice for sin (Isaiah. 52:13-53:12).† (Quoted in Smith, 2009: 8) This prophecy pointed to the futu re work of the Lord Jesus Christ. By closely examining both the covenants, it becomes crystal clear that Adam’s covenant maintains several similarities in with the Davidic one. God had blessed Adam and his children with the supremacy over every creature. On the other hand, King David was also favored with the same bounty, as he and his son king Solomon were not only granted the crown, wealth, power and prestige, but also they had domination over the djinns, ogres, humans and beast alike. King David intended to build a house for God, though the Lord refused the offer. Instead He blessed David with glorious house, power and throne, and a wise and powerful son in the person of King Solomon. â€Å"God promised to give him a son who would ultimately reign on the throne of David for ever and build a house of worship for all nations of the world.† (Quoted in the kingdom divided) Hence, God blessed a comfortable dwelling to David, according to the Covenant, as He had blessed A dam an outstanding abode in heavens. God had allowed Adam to reside in heavens and get involved into every type of activity of his own choice from dawn to dusk and dusk to dawn. Consequently, Adam and Eve led a very exuberant life in heaven. Somehow, since man has been created frail and weak, the first parents of humanity could not constrain themselves from the covenant they had made with their Creator, and thus broke their allegiance with the Lord by eating

Group marketing project (SPSS) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Group marketing project (SPSS) - Assignment Example The research report under discussion is a group effort which aims to understand the current level of customer loyalty for the Samsung brand and the drivers behind it. The relationship between these drivers and the current perceptions has also been studied to identify the most important factors influencing it. On the basis of the findings, recommendations for improving the current level of loyalty and for attracting and retaining a higher user base have also been suggested. The nature of study is quantitative and involves interviews conducted with 100 respondents (including Samsung users & non-users) within the area of Bangor, Gwynedd. A comparison of means on the basis of gender and age reveals that there is no significant impact of these factors on the way people have rated the perceptions for Samsung’s products. However, there does exist a somewhat significant difference regarding user ship for a few attributes. The results indicate that around 56% of Samsung users believe Samsung products to be well made. Among the non-users, the response is mixed. This percentage is relatively positive but when compared with other attributes, Samsung should focus on improving the other perceptions further through good customer service and marketing efforts to drive up the overall customer loyalty. On an overall basis, when looking at the different attributes, consistency in quality and good value for money pricing are highly positive. Usership and gender also have a significant association with value for money pricing. Overall 55% respondents regard consistency positively and 58% of Samsung users and 56% females consider it good value for money. It is mainly because of the positive perceptions for these attributes that the overall value of Samsung products is considered excellent. Consistency in quality is the most influential driver here and then follows the good value for